Latest posts
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Ansoff Matrix Analysis of Apple
Introduction to the Ansoff Matrix The Ansoff Matrix is a strategic planning framework used by organisations to identify potential growth opportunities based on existing and new products and markets. The framework consists of four growth strategies: market penetration, market development, product development and diversification. These strategies differ in terms of their potential rewards and associated…
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Autonomous Vehicles: Disruptive Innovation or Revolutionary Innovation?
Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are often presented as one of the technologies most likely to transform the transportation industry. Their potential to integrate multiple transportation modes—including rail, buses, cycling, walking and shared mobility—could contribute to the development of genuinely smart and connected transport systems (Lim & Taeihagh, 2019). Yet an important theoretical question remains: Are autonomous…
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Weaponizing Trade: How Economic Warfare Threatens National Prosperity – Lessons from US-India Tensions
Trade has long been viewed through the lens of comparative advantage, from Ricardo’s productivity focus to the Heckscher-Ohlin model’s emphasis on factor endowments enabling resource arbitrage across borders. In theory, freer trade narrows income gaps and boosts growth, as suggested by empirical work on liberalization. In practice, however, interdependence has been transformed into a strategic…
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Climate Change and Sustainable Development in Africa: Challenges, Inequality, and the Global Response
Sustainable development can be defined as societal progress that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (Damtoft et al., 2008). This principle lies at the heart of the United Nations’ 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, which identifies climate action as one of its 17…
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How Blockchain and DeFi Can Transform Traditional Banking and Finance?
Can Blockchain and DeFi exist along with Traditional Banks? India’s financial system has undergone a remarkable transformation over the past decade. From the rapid expansion of digital payments to the emergence of fintech platforms, financial services are increasingly becoming technology-driven, accessible and interoperable. Yet significant gaps remain, particularly around access to affordable credit, cross-border payments,…
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Employee Engagement: Roots in Organizational Citizenship Behaviour, Evolving Definitions, Drivers, and the Critical Role of Trust and Ethics
Employee Engagement has emerged as a cornerstone of organizational effectiveness, influencing productivity, retention, innovation, and overall performance. Its conceptual foundations can be traced in part to Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB), while contemporary research continues to refine its definitions, identify key drivers, and highlight the importance of ethical leadership and trust in sustaining it. Recent global…
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Customer Satisfaction in the Airline Industry: Key Antecedents, Service Quality and Customer Loyalty
Customer Satisfaction Customer satisfaction is one of the most important marketing outcomes for businesses because customers’ evaluations of their experiences can influence future purchase behaviour, retention and loyalty (Kotler & Armstrong, 2004). In the airline industry, customer satisfaction is particularly important because air travel is a highly experiential service in which customers evaluate multiple interactions…
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Head & Shoulders Innovation Strategy: Evaluating Its Product, Packaging and Marketing Innovation
Introduction: Understanding the Innovation Pipeline of Head & Shoulders Innovation has become a critical source of competitive advantage in the global hair-care industry, where consumers increasingly expect products to combine scientific efficacy, safety, convenience, personalisation and sustainability. The Oslo Manual defines innovation as a new or improved product or process that differs significantly from a…
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Amazon and the New Platform Capitalism: Can Digital Power Remain Sustainable?
Amazon and the New Platform Capitalism Amazon began as an online bookseller. It has since become something far more consequential: a vast digital infrastructure through which consumers, merchants, advertisers, workers, software developers and businesses increasingly interact. That transformation captures the central idea of platform capitalism. As the original analysis observes, companies such as Amazon, Facebook,…
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Sports Betting Consumer Behaviour: Understanding Motivation, Skill, Luck and Problem Gambling
Sports Betting Sports betting has evolved from a predominantly land-based recreational activity into a highly accessible digital form of gambling. The expansion of smartphones, mobile technologies, online bookmakers and in-play betting has transformed not only how people place bets but also how they interact with gambling markets. As a result, understanding consumer behaviour in sports…